北斗系统新民用导航电文历书参数算法与性能分析

研究新公布的北斗民用导航电文中的两类历书与北斗二号导航电文历书的差异，对比分析各类历书对接收机首次定位时间的影响。利用实际的历书数据，比较不同历书类型的用户算法，分析不同龄期数据对接收机首次定位性能的影响。结果表明，高精度历书在1周的数据龄期内性能较为稳定，中等精度历书精度稍逊于高精度历书，但由于简化了电文空间，能接近高精度历书性能。简约历书进一步简化了参数数目和电文空间，尽管位置误差达到了数百千米，但却能在数月之后保持相应精度，有利于缩短接收机首次定位时间。     

适用于北斗混合星座的相对定位随机模型建模策略

为提高模糊度解算成功率和基线解精度,提出适用于北斗的相对定位随机模型建模策略,即混合随机建模策略。采用最小二乘方差分量估计方法对北斗单差观测量方差进行估计。对处于不同高度的三轨道卫星观测量方差分别建模:对地球静止轨道卫星观测量方差采用载噪比模型建模,对倾斜地球同步轨道卫星和中地球轨道卫星观测量方差均采用仰角模型建模。根据不同模型实时组建观测量的随机模型。试验结果表明:相比于采用传统简化模型和单一的仰角或载噪比模型,混合随机模型能更加真实地反映不同卫星观测量的随机噪声特性,模糊度解算成功率和相对定位精度均有提高,总体性能最优,因而能更好地适用于北斗系统。     

多传感器组合导航系统评述

介绍了组合导航系统的重要性、发展现状和发展趋势。根据导航与目标跟踪的区别与联系,从多传感器组合导航系统研究的角度出发,在概念理解、模型建立和系统结构等方面做了详细的评述,提出了多传感器导航信息融合系统的功能模型,分析了位置融合级的结构模型。     

Dynamic server assignment policies for assembly‐type queues with flexible servers

We seek dynamic server assignment policies in finite‐capacity queueing systems with flexible and collaborative servers, which involve an assembly and/or a disassembly operation. The objective is to maximize the steady‐state throughput. We completely characterize the optimal policy for a Markovian system with two servers, two feeder stations, and instantaneous assembly and disassembly operations. This optimal policy allocates one server per station unless one of the stations is blocked, in which case both servers work at the unblocked station. For Markovian systems with three stations and instantaneous assembly and/or disassembly operations, we consider similar policies that move a server away from his/her “primary” station only when that station is blocked or starving. We determine the optimal assignment of each server whose primary station is blocked or starving in systems with three stations and zero buffers, by formulating the problem as a Markov decision process. Using this optimal assignment, we develop heuristic policies for systems with three or more stations and positive buffers, and show by means of a numerical study that these policies provide near‐optimal throughput. Furthermore, our numerical study shows that these policies developed for assembly‐type systems also work well in tandem systems. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2008     

捷联惯导系统快速自对准误差模型的建立

通过对惯性制导系统两个基本方程的研究,求出了各状态矢量在各坐标系下的微分方程,然后以ψ角法所确立的平台为基准,分别推导得出惯性制导系统各主要状态的微分方程,从而建立了捷联惯性制导系统的误差模型.最后根据静基座捷联惯导系统初始对准的特点对其进行简化,得到了静基座捷联惯导系统快速自对准的误差模型.     

0.18 μm CMOS工艺的GPS/BDS双模可重构接收机射频前端

采用低中频架构设计了一种0.18μm CMOS工艺的GPS/BDS双模可重构接收机射频前端,能在GPS L1模式或BDS B1模式下工作。通过频率自适应电路调整中频滤波器的时间常数,降低其频率不确定度;压控振荡器中加入4位开关电容阵列,以提高频率调谐范围和相位噪声性能;通过硬件复用的方式降低系统功耗。测试结果表明,在1.8 V电源电压下,功耗37.8 m W,电压增益为103 d B,GPS L1和BDS B1波段噪声系数均小于3.2 d B。     

一种运用遗传算法确定船舶航向控制模糊规则的方法

为了克服船舶航向控制模糊规则确定过程中的盲目性,引入一种与之相适应的遗传算法,以使结果成为某种意义下的最优解,从而从根本上解决这一重要问题.文中运用Matlab的C语言MEX-文件技术,将遗传算法源代码与Matlab直接结合起来,利用后者的强大建模能力,建立起完整的仿真模型.仿真结果表明,船舶的航向控制能力得到明显改善.     

Value management of diagnostic equipment with cancelation,no‐show,and emergency patients

Magnetic resonance imaging and other multifunctional diagnostic facilities, which are considered as scarce resources of hospitals, typically provide services to patients with different medical needs. This article examines the admission policies during the appointment management of such facilities. We consider two categories of patients: regular patients who are scheduled in advance through an appointment system and emergency patients with randomly generated demands during the workday that must be served as soon as possible. According to the actual medical needs of patients, regular patients are segmented into multiple classes with different cancelation rates, no‐show probabilities, unit value contributions, and average service times. Management makes admission decisions on whether or not to accept a service request from a regular patient during the booking horizon to improve the overall value that could be generated during the workday. The decisions should be made by considering the cancelation and no‐show behavior of booked patients as well as the emergency patients that would have to be served because any overtime service would lead to higher costs. We studied the optimal admission decision using a continuous‐time discrete‐state dynamic programming model. Identifying an optimal policy for this discrete model is analytically intractable and numerically inefficient because the state is multidimensional and infinite. We propose to study a deterministic counterpart of the problem (i.e., the fluid control problem) and to develop a time‐based fluid policy that is shown to be asymptotically optimal for large‐scale problems. Furthermore, we propose to adopt a mixed fluid policy that is developed based on the information obtained from the fluid control problem. Numerical experiments demonstrate that this improved policy works effectively for small‐scale problems. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 63: 287–304, 2016     

BDS三频非差观测数据周跳探测与修复方法

随着三频技术的出现,多频观测量及其丰富的线性组合特性为周跳的探测与修复提供了新的契机。因此提出三频非差观测量线性组合对载波相位观测数据中周跳进行实时探测及修复的方法。该方法构造无几何无电离层的码相组合,并通过对历元间的电离层延迟变化量进行实时估计与消除,构造出第三组线性无关的周跳探测量。用30 s采样间隔的北斗三频实测数据对算法性能进行验证,试验结果表明:该方法可以有效地对各频点的周跳实现探测与修复,即使在电离层活跃的应用场景中,该方法依然具有较好的性能。     

一种新型混合跳频通信技术

文中提出了一种新型混合跳频通信技术,该技术结合传统跳频技术和差分跳频技术,在较窄的频带上采用差分跳频调制,并将该调制信号与另一更宽频带内的慢跳频信号进行混频,最终得到一个跳速高、频带宽的调制信号。接收端解调时,先按照传统跳频解调的方式进行慢跳频的解调,再按照差分跳频解调的方式对信号进行差分跳频解调。这种混合跳频通信技术在提高数据传输速率的同时,也可以很好地改善系统的误码率性能和抗单音干扰性能。